Speaker: Prof. Anna Gudmundsdottir
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati
Title: "Photodynamic Organic Azido Crystals: Photofracking
and Photopatterning."
Day and Date: Friday, January 16, 2026
Time: 16.00 Hrs.
Venue: Room No - 400, Leela S. Panchakarla Conference
Room, Chemistry Department, Third floor, Annex
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Hosted by Prof. Krishna P. Kaliappan
Abstract Organic crystals can respond dynamically to external stimuli such as light or heat, exhibiting
bending, curling, hopping, and fracturing. These photodynamic crystals convert light into
mechanical energy, offering potential applications in actuation, energy harvesting, flexible
electronics, switchable reflectors, and sensing. Irradiation of crystalline azido compounds
induces N₂ release, which drives such photomechanical responses.
We show that photodynamic crystal fracture can enhance the efficiency of solid-state
photoreactions by continually exposing fresh reactive surfaces. Although solid-state
photochemistry is valued for its spatial and temporal control, it is often restricted by surfaceconfined reactivity, where passivating photoproduct layers limit bulk conversion. This
limitation can be overcome through photofracking—photoinduced crystal disintegration—
where cracking and fracturing expose new surfaces and extend the photoreaction toward
higher conversion.
In contrast, azido crystals engineered to pack into two-dimensional lattices exhibit
restricted surface reactivity, making them promising for photolithographic applications.
Confocal Raman microscopy, along with digital, SEM, and AFM imaging, confirmed that
these crystals react only at the surface, and the resulting photoproducts can be harnessed
for crystal patterning.
Laser flash photolysis, ESR spectroscopy, and matrix isolation studies were used to
elucidate the underlying photochemical mechanism of the azido compounds in both
solution and the solid state. Overall, the factors governing whether azido crystals exhibit
photodynamic behavior are discussed, linking fundamental photochemistry with emerging
applications in materials science.